Infertility

What is infertility? In general, infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex. Because fertility in women is known to decline steadily with age, some providers evaluate and treat women aged 35 years or older after 6 months of unprotected sex.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

The cause of polycystic ovary syndrome isn't well understood, but may involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatments include birth control pills to regularise periods, medication called metformin to prevent diabetes, statins to control high cholesterol, hormones to increase fertility and procedures to remove excess hair.

Absence / Immature Ovum

An immature ovum is a cell that goes through the process of oogenesis to become an ovum. It can be an oogonium, an oocyte, or an ootid. An oocyte, in turn, can be either primary or secondary, depending on how far it has come in its process of meiosis.

Ovarian/Chocolate Cysts

Ovarian endometriomas, or “chocolate cysts,” are cysts filled with menstrual blood. They are a sign of endometriosis, a condition that happens endometrial-like tissue travels outside of your uterus. These cysts can cause unpleasant symptoms that your provider can help you manage

Dysmenorrhea

Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) are throbbing or cramping pains in the lower abdomen. Many women have menstrual cramps just before and during their menstrual periods.

Frequent Miscarriage

Recurrent early miscarriages are most commonly due to genetic or chromosomal problems of the embryo, with 50-80% of spontaneous losses having abnormal chromosomal number. Structural problems of the uterus can also play a role in early miscarriage.